口头答复 · 2026-09-09 · 届国会 15
AI 加速普及下难以转入新职业的国人就业途径
AI 加速普及下难以转入新职业的国人就业途径
议员潘丽萍（Ms Denise Phua Lay Peng）询问代理人力部长：AI 加速普及、人形机器人进入职场之际，对培训后仍难转入新职业的年长、低薪及残障员工，政府正开发哪些新工作与就业途径。代理人力部长刘洁敏（Ms Jasmin Lau）答复：调查显示多数采用 AI 的企业是在重新设计岗位或创造新职位，而非裁员；政府正开发通往电工等技术行业和社会及社区护理领域的就业途径，辅以职业转换计划等项目，过去五年 51 岁及以上参与者近九成在 24 个月后仍在职；低薪员工有渐进式工资模式，残障人士有开门计划。潘丽萍追问称中国人形机器人发展令人警惕，要求展示具体岗位案例；刘洁敏表示会更多分享岗位重新设计及 AI 新岗位的案例。
为什么重要
51 岁及以上职业转换计划参与者近九成 24 个月后仍在职，人力部承诺多分享 AI 岗位案例
关键要点
- • 人力部调查显示，多数采用 AI 的企业是在重新设计岗位或创造新职位，而非削减人手
- • 政府正开发通往电工等基本及熟练技术行业、社会及社区护理领域的就业途径
- • 职业转换计划和技能未来职业转型课程提供系统化培训与职业配对，过去五年 51 岁及以上职业转换计划参与者近九成在 24 个月后仍在职
- • 低薪员工可依托渐进式工资模式和就业入息补助技能援助计划；残障人士有开门计划，残障人士家庭保障工作小组正检讨如何加强对雇主的支持
- • 潘丽萍以中国部署人形机器人为例表达警惕，要求展示具体岗位；刘洁敏承诺更多分享岗位重新设计和 AI 新岗位的案例研究
政府认为 AI 目前主要带来岗位重新设计和新职位，而非大规模裁员，职业转换计划、渐进式工资模式和开门计划等现有工具可支撑弱势员工转型，并将持续监测影响。部长没有公布新的专门计划，只承诺加强案例分享。
提问议员潘丽萍担心人形机器人和 AI 的发展速度远超以往，年长、低技能和残障员工即使受训也难以转型，要求政府拿出看得见的具体岗位，而非笼统表态。
人力部的回应仍以既有转型工具为主，把 AI 冲击定位为岗位重塑而非替代；执政党议员在国会公开要求“展示岗位”，说明基层对人形机器人冲击的焦虑在上升，政府接下来可能先在沟通层面发布更多 AI 岗位案例。
“到目前为止，我们的调查显示，大多数采用 AI 的企业是在重新设计岗位或创造新职位，而不是削减人手。”
参与人员 (2)
完整译文（中文）
Hansard 原始记录 · 2026-09-26
15 号，潘丽萍女士询问代理人力部长：鉴于 AI 加速普及、人形机器人在职场中部署，对于那些即使经过培训和技能重塑、仍可能难以顺利转入新职业的国人，特别是年长员工、低薪员工和残障人士，政府正在开发哪些新工作和就业途径。
代理人力部长（刘洁敏女士）：政府致力于在 AI 和自动化改变工作与企业之际支持员工。到目前为止，我们的调查显示，大多数采用 AI 的企业是在重新设计岗位或创造新职位，而不是削减人手。这些职位可以建立在员工现有的技能和经验之上，而不需要他们转入全新的职业。
对于可能需要转换到不同岗位的员工，我们正在开发切实可行的就业途径，通往需求强劲、长期前景良好的工作。这包括基本技术行业和熟练技工行业的机会，例如电气工作，或者社会及社区护理领域，即使技术应用加速，这一领域的需求预计仍将保持强劲。
这些途径由各项职业转型计划提供支持，例如职业转换计划和技能未来职业转型课程。它们让员工在接受系统化培训和职业配对服务的同时转入新岗位。年长员工在这些计划下获得加强支持，以促进他们的转型。过去五年，51 岁及以上的职业转换计划参与者中，有近九成在参加计划 24 个月后仍然在职。
对于低薪员工，渐进式工资模式提供了清晰的职业发展途径和工资增长，并辅以与行业相关的培训要求。他们也可以利用就业入息补助技能援助计划来掌握有助于职业发展的技能。
对于残障人士，挑战往往在于获得职场支持。开门计划等项目在岗位重新设计、工作场所调整和包容性招聘做法方面为雇主提供支持，同时为残障人士提供更有力的就业支持。残障人士家庭保障工作小组也在检讨如何加强对雇主的支持，以雇用和留住残障人士。
随着 AI 和自动化工作的演进，我们将继续监测其对就业的影响，并与雇主、工会和培训伙伴合作，开发切实可行的途径，帮助员工适应变化、保持就业能力并获得好工作。
议长先生：潘女士。
潘丽萍女士（惹兰勿刹）：感谢代理部长的详尽答复。我们许多人每天读到来自中华人民共和国等国家的新闻，确实越来越感到警惕，那里有很多人在部署人形机器人，例如以智能执行需要非常精细动作技能的任务，而且速度比以前快得多。所以，与过去相比，这项技术的影响其实相当令人担忧。
第二，我们也听到政府机构等发布的许多消息，说正在研究工作岗位被取代的问题，尤其是弱势群体。我想知道，能否做更多努力，把这些工作展示给我们看。有哪些具体的工作可以让较弱势的群体参与？请给我们看看例子。例如，我在昨天我们两人都出席的一场活动上听说，在榜鹅，新加坡理工大学正与大华银行一起研究由机器人和人类共同部署进行屋邨维护的工作。这是令人振奋的消息。
我认为，如果能更广泛地传播更多这类消息，让基层许多有兴趣的人能够学习并推广，这将给弱势群体更多保证；不只是残障人士，还有那些技能较低、可能不适合参加职业转换计划的人。我认为这将提供更多保证。
刘洁敏女士：感谢议员的建议。我们会在分享案例研究方面做得更好，介绍岗位如何被重新设计以纳入 AI，以及 AI 为我们的经济创造了哪些新工作。
英文原文
SPRS Hansard 原始记录 · 抓取日期：2026-09-26
15 Ms Denise Phua Lay Peng asked the Acting Minister for Manpower in view of the accelerating adoption of AI and deployment of humanoid robots in workplaces, what new jobs and employment pathways are being developed for Singaporeans who, despite training and reskilling, may be unable to transition readily into new occupations, particularly older workers, lower-wage workers and persons with disabilities.
The Acting Minister for Manpower (Ms Jasmin Lau) : The Government is committed to supporting workers as AI and automation transform jobs and businesses. So far, our surveys show that most firms that adopt AI are redesigning jobs or creating new roles rather than reducing headcount. Such roles may build on workers’ existing skills and experience, rather than requiring them to move to completely new occupations.
For workers who may need to move into different roles, we are developing practical employment pathways into jobs with strong demand and good longer-term prospects. This includes opportunities in the essential and skilled trades, such as electrical work, or in the social and community care sector where demand is expected to remain strong even as technology adoption accelerates.
These pathways are supported through career transition programmes, such as the Career Conversion Programmes and the SkillsFuture Career Transition Programme. They allow workers to move into new roles while receiving structured training and career matching services. Older workers receive enhanced support under these programmes to facilitate their transition. Over the past five years, close to nine in 10 Career Conversion Programme participants aged 51 and above remain employed 24 months after embarking on the programme.
For lower-wage workers, the Progressive Wage Model provides clear career pathways with wage growth, supported by industry-relevant training requirements. They can also tap on Workfare Skills Support to acquire skills that support their career progression.
For persons with disabilities, the challenge is often about securing workplace support. Programmes, such as the Open Door Programme, support employers with job redesign, workplace adaptations and inclusive hiring practices, while providing persons with disabilities stronger employment support. The Taskforce on Assurance for Families with Persons with Disabilities is also reviewing how to strengthen support for employers to hire and retain persons with disabilities.
As AI and automation efforts evolve, we will continue to monitor their impact on jobs, and work with employers, unions and training partners to develop practical pathways that help workers adapt, remain employable and access good jobs.
Mr Speaker : Ms Phua.
Ms Denise Phua Lay Peng (Jalan Besar) : I thank the Acting Minister for the comprehensive answer. Many of us read, actually with increasing alarm, daily news from countries like the People's Republic of China, where many are deploying humanoid robots. For example, in executing tasks with very fine motor skills, with intelligence. And this is at a speed much faster than before. So, the technology impact is actually quite alarming compared to the past.
And two, we have also heard many announcements by Government agencies and so on, that these issues about displacements of jobs, especially among the vulnerable, are being looked into. I wonder, can there be more efforts to show us the jobs. What are some of these tangible jobs that can engage the more vulnerable? Show us the examples. I heard, for instance, at an event that we both attended yesterday that in Punggol, the Singapore Institute of Technology, together with UOB, is looking at jobs where robots and humans are deployed for estate maintenance. This is exciting news.
I think that if more of the news can be spread and many on the ground who are interested can learn and scale, it will give more assurance to those who are vulnerable; not just persons with disabilities but those who are lower-skilled, who may not be suitable for the job conversions schemes. I think that will provide a lot more assurance.
Ms Jasmin Lau : I thank the Member for the suggestion. We will do better in sharing maybe case studies of how jobs have been redesigned to include AI within the jobs as well as new jobs that AI has created for our economy.